10 Solargraphy

Solarigrafia, solarigraphy, solargraphy is a photographic method for recording the paths of the Sun. Solargraphy is the art of pinhole photography and a part of Space Art, too.

Solarigraphics or solargraphs are pinhole photographs taken with a lensless pinhole camera with a long exposure. By doing so the invisible movements of the Sun can be made visible in landscapes.

A pinhole camera = a can.

An essential part of this method is the building of your own pinhole camera(s). The cameras that are made out of empty cans / tins or film canisters are very practical. This kind of small black pinhole camera is excellent for the freedom it allows of placing the camera in the open air or in some public places in the city or for sending free pinhole cameras by post.

Materials

- A home made pinhole camera,

- black and white lightsensitive material as photographic paper,

- tapes or wires for fastening,

- a scaner,

- an image processing computer program

1. Choose a bright/sunny place.

Try 3 to five different cameras with different locations and maybe different exposure durations. You can set each can (pinhole camera) into a vertical or horizontal position. If you set it vertically the final image will be panoramic whilst the horizontal position offers the form of a portrait.

Fasten the can very tight facing the Sun so it can´t move in the wind. The key point being that the Sun ´perforates´ the pinhole during the day. The best directions face sunrise or sunset.

Can with a clothes peg.

2. The exposure time starts.

After fastening the pinhole camera take the tiny black tape off from the pinhole. The exposure of the light sensitive material (photographic paper inside the can) begins as soon as the tape is removed.

Possibly the best exposure periods are:

- December 21 (winter solstice) - March 20 (the vernal equinox)

- March 20th - June 21st (the summer solstice)

- June 21st - Sept 23rd (the autumnal equinox)

- Sept 23rd - Dec 22st, (the winter solstice).

  

4. Leave the can exposed to the sky.

The shortest time is one day and the longest half a year. Write the date on the top of the can when you fasten the pinhole. 

5. Stop the exposing by shutting the pinhole before you pick it up.

Don't forget to write this day also.

6. The Assignment.
We are going to build 2 pinhole cameras and set them up in two different places
Camera 1: 7 Days
Camera 2: 14 Days

Then we will scan the images **DO NOT PUT THEM IN THE DEVELOPER**

1 st Contact Sheet & Best Photo [Before Edit]

After you shoot and download your composition roll, create a contact sheet. Then post your contact sheet and your best image to your blog. Like this:

Camera Simulator

Check this out. Try different shutter speeds, apertures, ISOs, lens focal lengths etc. This is a good way to see what is happening to your image as you change the camera settings.

http://camerasim.com/apps/camera-simulator/

Making a Blog Banner in Photoshop

1: Clipping Masks for Typography

Step One: Create a new document in Photoshop. If your document is going to be used on the web, I recommend setting the resolution to “72.” Next, type out your Name. I chose “HELLO” to keep things simple, but you could also use this tutorial for blog headers, as text to lay on top of photos in posts, etc! For a banner, you create the document as a custom size 1000 x 400 pixels at 72 resolution. Long and skinny. 

Make your text BIG and BOLD. Use the option menu on the top of the page to set your font style, size, boldness...

Step Two: Create a new layer ON TOP OF your text layer. You can create a new layer either by going to Layer >> New >> Layer (in the top menu) OR by clicking the thing that looks like a piece of paper next to the trash can in the bottom right of your layers panel. Your new layer will be blank (white). If you can't see the Layer panel, then click f7 on your keyboard.

Step Two A: You can draw whatever you want in that new layer. I chose to draw some colorful scribbles using the brush tool.

Or

Find an image on Pexel. Select an image that you like and save the image to your folder. Open the image in Photoshop. Select All (or CTR A). Then Copy (or CTR C) and Paste (or CTR V) the image onto your file into the new layer. Then, when you create a clipping mask, your words will take on the effect of the image you’re using, which makes my words look gold!

Step Three: Make sure your new layer is highlighted in the layers panel (like mine is). Then, go to Layer >> Create Clipping Mask. A shortcut is to hover between your two layers (in the layers panel) with your cursor while holding down the option key (on a Mac). You’ll see a little arrow pop up and when you click, it will create a clipping mask.

Step Four: Admire your work.

Example of a photo instead of scribble:

Step Five:
Post your heading to your blog: find the LAYOUT tab- click on HEADER- and then EDIT- Then remove heading insert instead of Blog title and description. Browse for your image. SAVE.
Tutorial credit: http://www.melyssagriffin.com/create-clipping-mask-photoshop-great-bloggers/

2017 in Pictures

New York Times 2017
Reuters Photos of 2017
NBC- The Year in Pictures 2017



Look through the photos from the year in the news sites, figure out the event/issue, read captions. Choose the photo that most captured your attention and post it on your blog, or to this Google doc: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-rZ4x-N_60kRvQ1kYFpykHfP6rTpW3xDL0MsMeGX8go

Respond to your chosen photo of 2017:
1. Post the image and paraphrase/interpret the details of the image- location, dates, situation.
2. Explain why you selected this photo.

• Was it the event/story that captured your interest?
• Or how the subject was composed? Eye catching "Bam" factor.
• The lighting/ technical proficiency? Do you wonder how it was taken?
• Was the image challenging to capture? Were the events extraordinary?
• Or was it something else not mentioned here...

3. Identify the site that the image is from and find the article associated to the photo. Add more details about the event that help to inform the reader about it.

[Due Thursday, January 11th]

9 Photograms

Photogram

Jocelyn Carlin

Photograms

The technique of creating photographic prints without using a camera (photograms) is as old as photography itself – but emerged again in the early 1920s.

Artist Man Ray refined and personalized the technique to such an extent that the new prints eventually carried his name ‘Rayographs’.

Ray-o-gram by Man Ray

How to Make a Photogram

• Start in a darkroom.
• Arrange objects onto a light sensitive surface (photo paper). 
• Once happy with your composition, you are ready to expose. 
• Set your enlarger timer to 3-15 seconds (Maybe try a test first)
• Expose your photogram. 
• Then develop your Photogram in developer (1-2 mins), stop (30 secs), fix (5 mins), and wash (15 mins).
• Put on drying rack (careful not to overlap with other prints).

 

9 Lumen Printing

Lumen prints are made by taking sheets of unexposed black-and-white photo paper and placing objects or negatives on top as if you were going to make a photogram, but instead of using an enlarger you take the paper out into the sun. 

Results will vary due to exposure times, density of photogram or negative, quality of light and, most importantly, the type of paper. Each paper will have a different color, depending on whether it was old or new, fiber or resin, and the manufacturer. 

Lumin Materials

• Black and white photo paper, preferably out-of-date paper (or film)
• Photogram materials solid shapes or organic things like plants semi-translucent.
• A strong base: panel board with glass and clips
• The Sun/Natural Light

Darkroom set up:

• Fix
• Water wash

The process

1. Select lumen materials. Consider a composition to create with your objects (semi-transparent objects are really effective: flowers, leaves, fruit).
2. Place photo paper onto a sold base/board then arrange your lumen materials on the photo paper.
3. If your materials are flat enough, and might shift, then place glass on top of your lumen arrangement, clip to the boards.
4. Take your lumen composition outside to expose in sunlight. The exposure time depends on you – some people expose for 30 minutes, others as long as a few hours and still others for several weeks. It all depends on the strength of the sun, time of year, location, humidity and how you want your image to look. 
5. Check the exposure time. You can see the difference if you lift the objects a little without moving them. You should see a tonal difference between the exposed paper and underneath the object.
6. After your exposure, bring your lumen print back into the darkroom.
7. Do not develop! 
8. Fix the print using diluted fix for 5 mins.
9. Wash your print for 5 minutes. [Fibre based paper 30-40 mins].